Final answer:
c) Atopic dermatitis
The prolonged allergic reaction in atopic children is most accurately described as atopic dermatitis, a form of eczema causing itchy and dry skin. Management includes avoiding allergens and using moisturizers and corticosteroid creams when necessary.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is about a prolonged allergic reaction in atopic children which can manifest as various skin conditions. The correct option from the list is atopic dermatitis, which is a common form of eczema often found in children, characterized by dry, itchy patches of skin that may swell, flake, or even bleed. People with atopic dermatitis often have a higher level of antibodies for certain allergens, like dust mites in their blood. In the Clinical Focus case described, Penny's symptoms suggest an allergic reaction, which the doctor diagnoses as allergic eczema, another term for atopic dermatitis. Her condition was managed with over-the-counter moisturizing cream to alleviate itching and prevent dryness.
Allergies can cause various symptoms, including red eyes, itchy rash, sneezing, runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling. Allergic reactions in the skin may also present as contact dermatitis, a result of direct contact with an allergen, or can be part of systemic reactions like anaphylaxis or associated with food allergies.