Final answer:
Monitor sensors and detectors encompass a range of devices such as infrared sensors, ultrasonic sensors, photon detectors like CCD cameras, and radiation-measuring instruments like Geiger counters. They are integral in various fields for detection and monitoring tasks based on physical principles.
Step-by-step explanation:
Examples of monitor sensors/detectors include a variety of devices used in different applications. For instance, infrared sensors are commonly used in security systems and can also be used for temperature measurement, like in infrared thermometers. Ultrasonic sensors are utilized for distance measurement by timing the echoes, which is helpful for autofocus systems in cameras and in automated doors and faucets to prevent the spread of germs. Another example is photon detectors such as CCD (charge-coupled device) cameras that rely on the particle-like properties of photons to create an image, used extensively in biomedical imaging and astrophotography. Lastly, Geiger counters, scintillators, and dosimeters are devices specifically used to measure radiation levels, essential in nuclear research and safety.
In conclusion, these different types of sensors and detectors play a vital role in modern technology, each based on specific physical principles that allow them to detect and monitor various environmental parameters or phenomena.