Final answer:
During labor, a diabetic patient is typically given an isotonic IV solution, such as Normal saline. Isotonic solutions like Normal saline and Lactated Ringer's solution prevent cellular damage by maintaining proper fluid and electrolyte balance, but dextrose solutions like D5W, which could raise blood sugar, are generally avoided in diabetic patients.
Step-by-step explanation:
The IV solution commonly used during labor for a diabetic patient is typically Normal saline (option c). Normal saline is isotonic with body fluids, which is important because it helps maintain the proper balance of electrolytes and fluid in the patient’s body without exacerbating any potential blood sugar issues that could arise with dextrose solutions. Since both normal saline and Lactated Ringer's solution are isotonic, they would not cause red blood cells to shrink (crenation) or swell, maintaining proper cellular function and volume. However, dextrose solutions like D5W are generally avoided in diabetic patients during labor because they can elevate blood sugar levels.
Ringer's lactate solution is another isotonic solution that matches the body's electrolyte composition closely. While it's not the first choice for a diabetic in labor due to its lactate content, which can be processed into sugar by the liver, it could be considered in certain clinical scenarios. In medicine, it's imperative to administer IV fluids that are isotonic to avoid causing harm to the patient's cells and overall health. IV solutions like 0.9% m/v NaCl or 5% m/v glucose in water are common isotonic solutions used in various medical treatments, but the latter is usually not suitable for diabetics during labor due to its glucose content.