Final answer:
The steps of the scientific method involve observing, forming a hypothesis, designing an experiment, collecting data, drawing conclusions, and verifying results. Independent variables are intentionally changed in experiments, while dependent variables are measured or observed. Control variables remain constant, and experimental variables are intentionally changed and tested. Hypotheses are testable explanations, while theories are extensively tested and validated explanations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scientific method consists of several steps to conduct an experiment and test a hypothesis. First, you observe an event and identify a question about it. Then, you make a hypothesis and design an experiment to test it. In the experiment, you have independent variables (what you change) and dependent variables (what you measure). Next, you collect data, interpret it, and draw conclusions. Finally, you verify your results by repeating the experiment or having someone else replicate it.
Independent variables are factors that you intentionally change in the experiment to see how they affect the dependent variables. Dependent variables, on the other hand, are the factors that are being measured or observed and are expected to change in response to the independent variables.
A control variable is a factor that remains constant throughout the experiment to serve as a baseline for comparison. Experimental variables are the variables that are intentionally changed and tested in the experiment.
A hypothesis is a proposed explanation or prediction for a phenomenon based on observations and prior knowledge. It is a testable statement that can be supported or refuted by data. A theory, on the other hand, is a well-substantiated and comprehensive explanation for a wide range of phenomena. It is based on a large body of evidence and has been extensively tested and validated.