Final answer:
The practice of changing terms due to derogatory use is called pejoration or semantic derogation, with reclamation as a counteract measure.
Step-by-step explanation:
The linguistic term for the practice of consistently changing a term due to its continuous use in a derogatory manner is known as pejoration or semantic derogation. This linguistic phenomenon occurs when a word that might have had a neutral or even positive connotation becomes increasingly associated with negative sentiments over time. To counteract the effects of pejoration, there’s a process called reclamation, where groups aim to take back terms that have been used in a derogatory way by redefining them in a positive or neutral manner.
In the context of marginalization, people may respond by adopting standard language, engaging in code-switching, or by linguistic activism that aims to celebrate and revive their home languages. With the evolution of societies and the continuous effort to become more inclusive, languages adapt and include terms that better reflect the experiences and cultures of their speakers, as seen with the shift from 'African American' to 'Black' with a capital B.