Final answer:
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) is the hormone produced by the heart that increases the glomerular filtration rate by promoting sodium and water excretion from the kidneys, thus decreasing blood volume and pressure.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hormone that can increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and is produced by the heart is the Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP). This hormone is secreted by the cardiomyocytes in the atria of the heart when there is an increase in blood volume, which causes the cells to stretch. ANP acts as an antagonist to angiotensin II, promoting the loss of sodium and water from the kidneys, inhibiting aldosterone release, and suppressing renin, aldosterone, and ADH (antidiuretic hormone) production and release. By increasing the GFR and reducing the reabsorption of Na+ in the nephrons, ANP ultimately leads to a decrease in blood volume and blood pressure.