Final answer:
The transverse colon itself does not use enzymes to break down macromolecules, but enzymes like trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipases, and sucrase act upstream in the digestive process to break down proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The transverse colon is part of the large intestine where absorption of water and salts occurs, but it doesn't produce its own digestive enzymes. Instead, enzymes that were secreted upstream in the digestive system, such as in the small intestine, continue to act here. Notably, enzymes such as trypsin and chymotrypsin from the pancreas help digest proteins into amino acids. Lipases help break down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol. Various disaccharidases like sucrase, which is a brush border enzyme, are present in the small intestine rather than the transverse colon. Sucrase specifically hydrolyzes sucrose into the simple sugars glucose and fructose. While the transverse colon itself does not utilize enzymes for macromolecule breakdown, it is important as a site for recovering water and electrolytes from the chyme and for serving as a passage for the remaining waste towards the rectum.