Final answer:
The pharynx does not use digestive enzymes. Digestive enzymes such as salivary amylase, which breaks down carbohydrates, begin their work in the mouth. Pepsin, which breaks down proteins, does its work in the stomach.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question asks about the enzymes used by structures of the pharynx and which macromolecules they help break down. However, it is important to correct that the pharynx itself does not use any digestive enzymes. The process of digestion begins in the mouth, where salivary amylase breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars. As the food bolus moves through the pharynx to the esophagus, no chemical digestion occurs here. In the stomach, pepsin (which is activated from pepsinogen in the presence of hydrochloric acid) helps break down proteins into peptides.