Final answer:
The term 'summary groups' is likely a misunderstanding, but it may be referencing the concept of 'primary' and 'secondary' groups in sociology that describe the types of relationships and functions groups have in individuals' lives.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks about what 'summary groups' were formerly known as, which appears to be a misinterpretation of sociological terminology. There is no standard sociological term called 'summary groups,' but the question may be referring to 'primary groups' and 'secondary groups' as defined by sociologist Charles Horton Cooley. Primary groups are small, long-term groups characterized by close, face-to-face, emotional relationships, such as families. Secondary groups are larger, more impersonal groups focused on a specific task or goal, such as a classroom or workplace. Groups serve various functions in society, from providing emotional support to facilitating the accomplishment of tasks.