Question

How can doctors and scientists use the information displayed in a karyotype?

1) To identify genetic disorders
2) To determine the sex of an individual
3) To study chromosomal abnormalities
4) All of the above

Answer 1

A karyotype can be used to identify genetic disorders, determine the sex of an individual, and study chromosomal abnormalities. It is a crucial tool in diagnosing conditions such as Down syndrome and Turner syndrome, as well as identifying translocations which can lead to certain cancers.

Step-by-step explanation:

Doctors and scientists can use the information displayed in a karyotype for several purposes:

• To identify genetic disorders such as Down syndrome, indicated by a third copy of chromosome 21, or Turner syndrome, characterized by the presence of only one X chromosome in women.
• To determine the sex of an individual, as the sex chromosomes (X and Y) are clearly visible.
• To study chromosomal abnormalities including large DNA deletions or insertions, as in the example of Jacobsen syndrome, and translocations which can be implicated in certain cancers.
• All of the above - the analysis and visual inspection of a karyotype provide a wealth of information that can be used to diagnose a range of chromosomal conditions.

Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is 4) All of the above.