Final answer:
Europeans brought back diseases from the New World to Europe, notably syphilis. While Europeans introduced diseases that devastated the Native American population, one notable disease made the reverse journey causing an outbreak in Europe. Option 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
After Columbus's contact with the New World, Europeans brought diseases back to Europe, which broke out in more virulent form than ever before. A notable disease that was transmitted back to the Old World was syphilis.
The first known European case of the venereal disease dates from 1493, following the return of Columbus and his crew. The resulting epidemic of syphilis occurred in Italy in 1494, with significant impact.
The European conquerors brought with them a variety of diseases to the New World, including smallpox, influenza, measles, and typhus, to which the Native American population had no previous exposure or immunity. The devastating consequences of these diseases resulted in a drastic reduction in the native population.
For instance, on the island of Hispaniola, within 25 years after Columbus's arrival, the population plummeted from an estimated 5,000,000 to a mere 500. These events are part of a larger process known as the Columbian Exchange, which involved the two-way transfer of animals, plants, and diseases between the Americas and the Old World.
So Option 1 is correct.