Final answer:
A factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in an experiment is called a confounding variable.
Step-by-step explanation:
A factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in an experiment is called a confounding variable. Confounding variables are variables that are not intentionally manipulated by the researcher but still have an impact on the dependent variable, leading to inaccurate or misleading results. These variables can cloud the true relationship between the independent and dependent variables and make it difficult to establish causation.