Final answer:
In an asthenic body habitus, the diaphragm is positioned low, the heart is oriented near the midline and has a vertical orientation, and the stomach is low and medial. However, the exception is that the gallbladder would not be centered on the right upper abdominal region but positioned more medially and inferiorly due to the lower position of other organs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The body habitus of an individual refers to the common pattern of the physical body characteristics, which can influence the position and appearance of the important organs. In the case of an asthenic body habitus, which is characterized by a slender build, the following statements are generally true: The diaphragm is positioned lower than in an average body type, the heart tends to be near the midline and has a more vertical orientation, and the stomach is situated lower and more medial (towards the center line of the body).
Option 2, stating that the gallbladder is centered on the right, upper abdominal region is the exception in the case of an asthenic body habitus. Typically, the gallbladder is found nestled on the posterior aspect of the right lobe of the liver, superior and slightly to the right of the midline, particularly in an asthenic body habitus where organs tend to sag lower due to a thinner muscular frame. Therefore, it would not be 'centered' in the right upper abdomen, but rather, it would be positioned more medially and inferiorly in an asthenic body habitus.