Final answer:
After diluting 78 ml of a 100% sugar solution with additional solvent to 226 ml, the concentration of the resulting sugar solution is 0.2566 g/ml or 25.66% (m/v), the volume of the final solution is 304 ml, and the mass of sugar is 78 grams. so, option d is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the concentration of the resulting sugar solution after dilution, one must understand the concept that the mass of the solution is equal to the mass of the solute plus the mass of the solvent. In this case, we are given that 226 ml of dilute sugar solution is prepared by adding 78 ml of a 100% (m/v) sugar solution. This means that there are 78 grams of sugar in the 78 ml of the 100% sugar solution.
a) The concentration (C) of the resulting sugar solution can be calculated using the formula C = (mass of solute) / (volume of solution). The volume of the final solution is 226 ml + 78 ml = 304 ml. Therefore, the concentration of sugar in the solution is 78 g / 304 ml = 0.2566 g/ml or 25.66% (m/v).
b) The volume of the final solution is the sum of the volumes of dilute solution and sugar solution, which is 304 ml.
c) The mass of sugar in the final solution remains as 78 grams, as sugar is not lost during the dilution process.