Final answer:
Malaysia has an absolute advantage in rubber production, as one worker can produce 10 tons there compared to 5 tons in Japan. Japan has an absolute advantage in making radios, with one worker being able to produce 80 radios compared to Malaysia's 40.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine which country has an absolute advantage in producing a particular good, we look at the input cost in terms of resources needed to produce that good. Let's use examples provided with Japan and Malaysia for rubber and radios to illustrate this concept.
In the given scenario, one worker in Japan can make either 5 tons of rubber or 80 radios. In Malaysia, one worker can produce either 10 tons of rubber or 40 radios. Therefore, Malaysia has an absolute advantage in the production of rubber because one worker can produce double the amount of rubber in Malaysia compared to Japan (10 tons versus 5 tons). On the other hand, Japan has an absolute advantage in the production of radios, as one Japanese worker can produce 80 radios compared to 40 radios that a Malaysian worker can produce. These differences indicate that each country is more efficient at producing one good over the other when using the same amount of resources (in this case, one worker).