Final answer:
To find the limiting reactant, compute the molar amounts of reactants, compare with the balanced equation, and use mole ratios to determine the product. This is an essential step in chemical stoichiometry.
Step-by-step explanation:
The limiting reactant in a chemical reaction is identified by computing the molar amounts of the reactants given and comparing them to the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation. The reactant that will be completely used up first limits the amount of product that can be formed, thereby determining the extent of the reaction. Approach 2 or the "Product Method" is another way to find the limiting reactant, which involves calculating and comparing the amount of product that can be produced by each reactant.
Once the limiting reactant is known, use mole ratios from the balanced equation to determine the number of moles of product. Then you can convert the number of moles of product back to mass if required. This approach is critical in stoichiometry to predict yields and to ensure that a reaction runs efficiently without wasting reactants.