Final answer:
The appropriate financial statement element for each item are identified.
Step-by-step explanation:
1. Obligation to transfer cash or other resources as a result of a past transaction - Liability
2. Dividends paid by a corporation to its shareholders - Distribution to owners
3. Inflow of an asset from providing a good or service - Revenue
4. The financial position of a company - Assets, liabilities and equity
5. Increase in equity during a period from nonowner transaction - Comprehensive income
6. Increase in equity from peripheral or incidental transaction - Gain
7. Sale of an asset used in the operations of a business for less than the asset's book value - Loss
8. The owners' residual interest in the assets of a company - Equity
9. An item owned by the company representing probable future benefits - Asset
10. Revenues plus gains less expenses and losses - Net income
11. An owner's contribution of cash to a corporation in exchange for ownership shares of stock - Investment by owner
12. Outflow of an asset related to the production of revenue - Expense