Final answer:
Commonly used aggregate planning techniques include adjustment strategies, level strategies, and employing aggregate demand/supply models from the Neoclassical and Keynesian perspectives, as well as government policy tools like monetary and fiscal policy.
Step-by-step explanation:
In practice, the most commonly used techniques for aggregate planning involve the manipulation of production rates, workforce levels, inventory levels, and demand strategies to achieve a balance between demand and supply. These strategies fall into two broad categories: adjustment strategies and level strategies. Adjustment strategies involve a fluctuating workforce and production rates to match demand, while level strategies maintain a steady rate of output and use inventories to absorb fluctuations in demand. Additionally, companies use the aggregate demand/aggregate supply model as a fundamental tool for understanding the macroeconomy. Macroeconomics encompasses various theories and models, including those of aggregate demand (AD) and aggregate supply (AS), with the Neoclassical and Keynesian perspectives providing different versions of these concepts. Policy tools such as monetary policy and fiscal policy are also employed by national governments to influence the macroeconomy.