Final answer:
The accurate pair from the provided options that includes both a digital signature scheme and a MAC scheme is Option 1) RSA and HMAC. RSA is used for digital signatures, and HMAC is a method of verifying data integrity using a MAC scheme.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question pertains to cryptography, specifically digital signature schemes and MAC (Message Authentication Code) schemes referenced in the context of the Cryptool application. In the options provided, each combination consists of a cryptographic tool that can be used to achieve either digital signing or integrity verification through MACs.
Option 1) RSA is a cryptographic algorithm that can be used for encryption as well as digital signatures. HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) is a MAC scheme often paired with a cryptographic hash function like SHA-256 for verifying the integrity of transmitted data.
Option 2) AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is an encryption algorithm and not a digital signature or MAC scheme. SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1) is a cryptographic hash function, not a MAC scheme, though it may be used as part of one.
Option 3) DES (Data Encryption Standard) is an older encryption algorithm and not used as a digital signature or MAC scheme. MD5 (Message Digest Algorithm 5) is a hash function, similar to SHA-1, and may contribute to a MAC scheme but is not one by itself.
Option 4) The Diffie-Hellman algorithm is for key exchange and doesn't perform digital signatures or MACs. CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) is an error-detecting code used to detect accidental changes to raw data, not a MAC scheme.
Therefore, among the given options, only Option 1 correctly pairs a digital signature scheme (RSA) with a MAC scheme (HMAC).