Final answer:
In a traditional client-server architecture, roles are predefined, but in modern applications like peer-to-peer networks, both processes can act as a client or server. Additionally, roles can sometimes be dynamically determined during the communication session. The correct options are 3,4.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine which process is the client and which is the server during a communication session, we should understand the roles of each within the context of network communications.
A client is the one that initiates the communication by sending a request to the server, which provides the service or data. In traditional client-server architecture, the roles are predefined, with the server being a central node that services multiple clients.
Answer choice 3) "Both Process A and Process B can act as the client or the server" is the most accurate statement if we are considering modern network applications. This is because in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, both processes can potentially act as a client or a server at different times, or even simultaneously in what's known as a hybrid model.
However, answer choice 4) "The client and server roles are determined dynamically during the communication session" can also be true under certain conditions, particularly in situations where processes can switch roles on the fly or as determined by certain protocols or the nature of the application. The correct options are 3,4.