Final answer:
A long bone consists of the Epiphysis (the ends filled with spongy bone), Diaphysis (the shaft with compact bone), Periosteum (the outer membrane), and Medullary cavity (the hollow area inside the shaft).
Step-by-step explanation:
The anatomical parts of a long bone include: Epiphysis, Diaphysis, Periosteum, and Medullary cavity.
- The Epiphysis refers to the wider section at each end of the long bone, which is filled with spongy bone and red marrow.
- The Diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the long bone. Its walls are composed of dense and hard compact bone.
- The Periosteum is a fibrous membrane that covers the outer surface of the bone, except in regions covered with articular cartilage.
- The Medullary cavity is a hollow region within the diaphysis, filled with yellow marrow and lined by a delicate membranous lining called the endosteum.