Final answer:
Throughput in a file transfer refers to the volume of data transferred over a time period and is calculated by dividing the file size by the transfer time.
Step-by-step explanation:
The throughput of the file transfer from server to client refers to the amount of data transferred over a network in a given amount of time. To calculate it, you would typically measure the size of the file being transferred and divide it by the time it takes to complete the transfer. Throughput is affected by various factors such as network bandwidth, congestion, latency, and protocol overhead. For example, if you have a file that is 500 megabytes and it takes 100 seconds to transfer from server to client, the throughput would be 5 megabytes per second (Mbps). It's important to note that the theoretical maximum throughput is usually constrained by the bandwidth of the network, and real-world transfer speeds can be lower due to the aforementioned factors.