Final answer:
The true statement about intelligence tests is that they may reward affluent students with questions based on upper-class cultural knowledge. This reflects concerns about bias in IQ tests, as also highlighted in legal cases. Modern IQ tests have evolved but the fairness and validity of such tests continue to be debated.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the statements given, the true statement about intelligence tests in schools is that they reward affluent students with questions that assume knowledge associated with upper-class culture. This reflects the concern from conflict theorists that IQ tests can exhibit bias by including questions that require cultural knowledge more likely owned by affluent students, such as familiarity with orchestral instruments. Intelligence tests in their history have been critiqued for not being equitable or accurately reflecting a person's intelligence beyond their verbal competencies and cultural exposure.
While the reliability of these tests has improved since their inception, the validity and fairness of IQ tests still remain a topic of debate. Cases like Larry P. v. Riles have highlighted how IQ tests can perpetuate social inequities by being normed on a non-representative sample of the population. It is essential to consider that multiple intelligences and various environmental factors together influence an individual's intelligence level—points reinforced by continuing research and adjustments to testing methods to make them more effective and inclusive.