Final answer:
The five forces of the book retail industry 20 years ago were supplier power, buyer power, threat of new entrants, threat of substitutes, and competitive rivalry.
Step-by-step explanation:
The five forces of the book retail industry 20 years ago can be defined as:
- Supplier Power: The power of publishers and distributors to control the availability and pricing of books.
- Buyer Power: The power of consumers to demand lower prices and better deals from retailers.
- Threat of New Entrants: The risk of new competitors entering the market and disrupting existing businesses.
- Threat of Substitutes: The availability of alternative forms of entertainment and information that could replace books.
- Competitive Rivalry: The intensity of competition among book retailers, including both brick-and-mortar stores and online platforms.