Final answer:
Acceleration and velocity are vector quantities because they include both magnitude and direction in their descriptions. Age, speed, and temperature are scalar quantities as they are described only by magnitude. A vector quantity always combines both magnitude and direction, unlike scalars.
Step-by-step explanation:
The vector quantities among the options given are acceleration and velocity. A vector quantity is not only described by a magnitude but also has a direction associated with it, while a scalar quantity is described solely by its magnitude and does not include any information about direction.
- Acceleration is a vector because it describes the rate of change of velocity, with both magnitude and direction. For instance, 'the car accelerates at 3 m/s2 east' specifies both how fast it is speeding up and in which direction.
- Age is a scalar quantity as it only has magnitude (the number of years).
- Speed is a scalar because it is the magnitude of velocity but without any direction. For example, saying something is moving at 50 km/h doesn't specify which way it's moving.
- Temperature is a scalar as it only describes the degree of heat or cold (e.g., 21°C) without any directional component.
- Velocity is a vector as it describes both the speed of an object and the direction in which it's moving, like '60 km/h north'.
As for example questions given in the reference:
- A weather forecast describing a temperature of -5°C is referring to a scalar quantity since temperature doesn't have a direction.
- An example of a device used to measure time is a stopwatch, and the change in the display readout on the stopwatch indicates a change in time.