Final answer:
The voltage drop across an extension cord can be calculated using Ohm's Law. For an extension cord with 0.0600 ohms resistance, the voltage drop at 5.00 A current is 0.300 V, and for one with 0.300 ohms resistance, it is 1.50 V. A significant voltage drop can decrease an appliance's functionality due to reduced power output.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is related to finding the voltage drop across different extension cords when a current flows through them, and it also touches on the concept of power dissipation in the context of resistance. Given the provided information, we can calculate the voltage drop using Ohm's Law, which states that Voltage (V) equals Current (I) multiplied by Resistance (R), or V = IR. In case (a), the extension cord with a resistance of 0.0600 ohms and current of 5.00 A will have a voltage drop calculated as follows: V = I × R = 5.00 A × 0.0600 Ω = 0.300 V. Likewise, for the cheaper cord in case (b) with a resistance of 0.300 ohms, the voltage drop would be: V = 5.00 A × 0.300 Ω = 1.50 V.
A large voltage drop across the extension cord means less voltage is available for the appliance, resulting in reduced power output. This can affect the appliance's performance, making it unable to work properly. The increased resistance and corresponding voltage drop in longer or worn extension cords, especially when large currents are drawn, highlight the importance of proper cord maintenance and selection for electrical safety and efficiency.