Final answer:
Custodial care is the assistance provided to individuals with daily activities by medical non-professionals under physician's orders. This type of care is identified as Option 3: Custodial Care. As opposed to hospice care, which is comfort care for those with terminal illnesses, custodial care focuses on aiding with routine ADLs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of care provided to assist an individual with Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), performed by a medical non-professional under a physician's orders, is referred to as custodial care. Custodial care involves assistance with day-to-day activities such as bathing, dressing, and eating when these tasks become challenging due to age, illness, or disability. This care is distinguishable from skilled nursing or medical care that must be provided by professionals.
As society's views on aging and end-of-life care evolve, many individuals now plan for their senior years early, taking control of decisions related to living arrangements, medical power of attorney, and end-of-life care. Hospice care represents a shift towards a more compassionate approach to the end of life, providing comfort and support for those who are terminally ill and their families. Unlike custodial care, hospice specifically focuses on comfort rather than cure when facing terminal illness.
The importance of hospice care is highlighted by the preference many individuals have for dying at home in comfort rather than in the impersonal environment of a hospital. Hospice emphasizes pain management, dignity, and emotional and spiritual support, often allowing patients to live longer and families to cope better with the loss of a loved one. The modern concept of hospice, started by Cicely Saunders in England and Florence Wald in the United States, has changed how society views and manages the dying process.