Final answer:
Among the options provided, cataracts and retinopathy are the two prominent eye conditions associated with diabetes, both resulting from damage to blood vessels in the eye due to high blood sugar levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
Two prominent eye conditions associated with diabetes are cataracts and retinopathy. Cataracts are characterized by the clouding of the lens in the eye, which can lead to blurred vision. Diabetic retinopathy, on the other hand, refers to damage to the blood vessels in the tissue at the back of the eye (retina) due to high blood sugar levels, potentially leading to vision loss and blindness. Both conditions occur more frequently in individuals with diabetes due to high blood glucose levels damaging the small blood vessels in the eyes over time.
While options such as glaucoma and macular degeneration, astigmatism and conjunctivitis, and nystagmus and presbyopia could be associated with various eye problems, they are not specifically linked to diabetes as cataracts and retinopathy are.