Question

Beyond obtaining required immunizations before beginning work as an​ EMT, what should one do to reduce the risk of​ infection?

A.
Do not care for patients with any type of hepatitis other than hepatitis B.
B.
Have your partner provide primary care for patients with conditions for which you have not been immunized.
C.
Wash your hands at the beginning and end of your shift.
D.
Use Standard Precautions with each patient contact.

Answer 1

EMTs can reduce the risk of infection by using Standard Precautions with each patient, washing hands frequently, disinfecting surfaces, obtaining necessary vaccinations, and following a healthy lifestyle to protect themselves and their patients.

Step-by-step explanation:

To reduce the risk of infection as an EMT and follow best practices for infection control, one should always use Standard Precautions with each patient contact. This comprehensive approach includes wearing gloves and face protection, using disposable needles and syringes, and avoiding contact with all body fluids, not only blood. Frequent handwashing with soap and water is critical, as well as properly disinfecting surfaces and equipment with solutions, such as 10% bleach, as recommended by the CDC.

There is also a focus on the importance of obtaining proper vaccinations, like the vaccine against HBV, and adhering to post-exposure protocols, which may include treatment with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and vaccination if exposure occurs. In addition, healthcare workers should undergo an MMR titer to ensure immunity against measles, mumps, and rubella, and get revaccinated if necessary, in order to protect vulnerable patient populations.

Lastly, engaging in a healthy lifestyle, getting enough exercise, avoiding unnecessary risks like unprotected sex or sharing needles for tattoos and piercings, and staying home when sick, are all practices that contribute to reducing the risk of infection both for the healthcare worker and the patients they serve.