Final answer:
A nurse should monitor a child taking methylphenidate for adverse effects such as irritability, cognitive impairment, memory loss, impaired moral judgment, severe yawning, hallucinations, and symptoms that mimic ADHD.
Step-by-step explanation:
A nurse caring for a child who is taking methylphenidate should monitor for several potential adverse effects. Methylphenidate, commonly known by its brand name Ritalin, is a stimulant medication used primarily to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. Although therapeutic doses are meant to increase focus and decrease impulsivity, adverse effects can occur.
Some adverse effects to look for include:
- Irritability
- Cognitive impairment
- Memory lapses or loss
- Impaired moral judgment
- Severe yawning
- Hallucinations
Symptoms similar to those of ADHD, such as difficulty paying attention and controlling behavior
The long-term consequences of methylphenidate use, especially in the context of cognitive enhancement, remain mostly unexplored. A nurse should be vigilant and report any observed adverse effects to the prescribing physician to ensure the health and safety of the child.
It is worth noting that methylphenidate is also used recreationally, with effects similar to those of amphetamines, which may influence the risk profile for adverse effects when used non-medically or at higher doses than prescribed.