Final answer:
The Karvonen formula is a formula used to calculate target heart rate during exercise based on an individual's maximum heart rate and resting heart rate.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Karvonen formula is a formula used to calculate target heart rate during exercise. It takes into account an individual's maximum heart rate and resting heart rate to determine the target heart rate range. This formula is commonly used in fitness training to ensure that individuals are exercising at an intensity that is appropriate for their fitness level.
The formula is as follows:
Target Heart Rate = ((Maximum Heart Rate - Resting Heart Rate) x % Intensity) + Resting Heart Rate
For the given example of 40-59% heart rate reserve, you would plug in the appropriate values into the formula to calculate the corresponding target heart rate range.