Final answer:
Galactorrhea is associated with the use of antipsychotics, opioids, and hypothyroidism, all of which can cause an excess production of prolactin leading to inappropriate milk discharge. Excessive secretion of growth hormone can also contribute, while multiple hormones support lactation in general.
Step-by-step explanation:
Conditions and drugs associated with galactorrhea include the use of antipsychotic medications, the intake of opioids, and the endocrine condition hypothyroidism. Galactorrhea is the inappropriate discharge of milk from the breast, which can be caused by an excess production of prolactin. The anterior pituitary gland may secrete excessive amounts of hormones, including prolactin and growth hormone, under certain conditions, contributing to symptoms like galactorrhea.
Prolactin is the primary hormone responsible for the synthesis of milk and can be influenced by various factors. Other factors contributing to lactation include the hormones oxytocin, growth hormone, cortisol, parathyroid hormone, and insulin. These hormones work together to facilitate the transport of necessary nutrients such as amino acids, fatty acids, glucose, and calcium to breast milk.