Final answer:
The next step after identifying a solid mass on a mammogram is usually an ultrasound, which can then be followed by different types of biopsies (fine-needle aspiration, core needle biopsy, or excisional biopsy) for definitive diagnosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
After the identification of a solid mass on a mammogram, the next step is usually to perform an ultrasound. An ultrasound provides more details about the shape, size, and consistency of the mass, which can help distinguish between benign and suspicious lesions. If the mass appears suspicious, a biopsy may be recommended for a definitive diagnosis. Depending on factors such as the size and location of the mass, different types of biopsies may be considered, including fine-needle aspiration (FNA), core needle biopsy, or excisional biopsy. Each method has its own indications, with FNA being less invasive but sometimes less conclusive, whereas a core needle biopsy can provide a more certain diagnosis without the need for surgical removal of the mass. An excisional biopsy is typically more invasive and involves the surgical removal of the entire mass for pathological examination.