Final answer:
The pathogenesis of theca lutein cysts involves the hyperstimulation of gonadotropins, leading to the overproduction of androgens and the formation of cysts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pathogenesis of theca lutein cysts involves the hyperstimulation of gonadotropins. When a surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) occurs during the ovarian cycle, it stimulates the granulosa and theca cells that remain in the follicle after ovulation. This leads to luteinization and the formation of the corpus luteum, which produces large amounts of progesterone. However, in the case of theca lutein cysts, there is an excessive response to the LH surge, resulting in the overproduction of androgens and the formation of cysts.