Question

Pathway Comparison: Initiation of MAC formation

A) Activation of coagulation factors
B) Cleavage of C3 by C3 convertase
C) Binding of antibodies to antigens
D) Release of pro-inflammatory cytokines

Answer 1

The initiation of MAC formation is part of the complement pathway, specifically the alternative pathway. C3 protein splits apart into C3b and C3a fragments, with C3b binding to the pathogen surface and activating the rest of the complement cascade. MAC formation disrupts osmotic balance and kills certain pathogens.

Step-by-step explanation:

The initiation of MAC (Membrane Attack Complex) formation is part of the complement pathway, specifically the alternative pathway. The alternative pathway of complement activation is triggered by the spontaneous activation of C3 protein. After activation, C3 splits apart into larger fragment C3b and smaller fragment C3a. C3b binds to the surface of the pathogen and activates the rest of the complement cascade, leading to the formation of MAC which can kill certain pathogens by disrupting their osmotic balance.