Final answer:
The genetic mutation associated with Progeria is a transition from cytosine to thymine which results in a point mutation in the LMNA gene, preventing proper processing of lamin A.
Step-by-step explanation:
Progeria is a condition characterized by a specific genetic mutation in which there is a conversion from cytosine to thymine, which prevents the normal processing of lamin A, a crucial component of the nuclear envelope in cells. This is known as a point mutation, specifically a transition, where a pyrimidine is replaced by another pyrimidine (in this case, thymine replacing cytosine). The mutation that leads to progeria is a single base substitution at a specific site in the LMNA gene which codes for lamin A, where instead of cytosine, a thymine is incorporated, altering the structure and function of the protein.
The answer to the question is (C) Thymine to cytosine, which corresponds to the genetic change causing progeria symptoms. This mutation causes a defective prelamin A which cannot be processed properly into mature lamin A. The processing failure leads to cellular instability and the symptoms associated with progeria.