Final answer:
Yes, CD14 directly binds to LPS. LPS, found on the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, activates CD14 and initiates an immune response.
Step-by-step explanation:
CD14 directly binds to LPS (lipopolysaccharide). LPS is a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli. CD14 is a glycoprotein receptor found on the surface of various immune cells, including monocytes and macrophages. When LPS is present, CD14 binds to it and initiates an immune response by activating downstream signaling pathways. For example, upon binding to LPS, CD14 recruits other co-receptors like toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). This complex triggers the activation of pro-inflammatory genes and the release of cytokines, resulting in an immune response against the invading bacteria.