Final answer:
Treatment for stress incontinence caused by intrinsic sphincteric deficiency ranges from Kegel exercises for mild cases to surgical interventions such as urethral bulking agents, pubovaginal slings, or artificial urinary sphincters for more severe conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The treatment for stress incontinence caused by intrinsic sphincteric deficiency (ISD) can vary based on the severity of the condition. Initially, non-surgical approaches like Kegel exercises may be recommended to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles. However, for more severe cases or when non-surgical treatments are not sufficient, surgical interventions might be necessary. These can include the use of urethral bulking agents which help to provide better closure of the urethra, or more advanced procedures like a pubovaginal sling or an artificial urinary sphincter. The sling procedure provides support to the urethra, while the artificial urinary sphincter mimics the function of a healthy sphincter.
Stress urinary incontinence typically results from the loss of support of the urethra due to pelvic floor muscle stretching, often linked to childbirth. On the other hand, urge urinary incontinence, commonly known as overactive bladder, arises from uncontrolled detrusor muscle contractions. The treatment approach for each varies, with stress incontinence potentially benefiting from muscle-strengthening exercises and surgeries for improved bladder support, while urge incontinence is usually managed with medication to relax the detrusor muscle.