Final answer:
True, calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones are more common in men and are associated with high-risk diets. Calcium oxalate stones form when low dietary calcium leads to increased oxalate in the urine, and calcium phosphate stones are related to certain medical conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones are found predominantly in men and in those whose diet is high in certain risk factors is generally true. Calcium oxalate is the most common type of kidney stone. It forms when calcium combines with oxalate in the urine and can be influenced by dietary factors such as the consumption of low calcium diets, which increases the risk for the development of kidney stones due to higher absorption of oxalate into the bloodstream and its subsequent excretion by the kidneys.
Calcium phosphate stones are associated with conditions such as hyperparathyroidism and renal tubular acidosis. Various lifestyle and genetic factors predispose to the development of kidney stones, including high consumption of cola drinks, excessive animal protein intake, obesity, and inadequate fluid intake. Therefore, preventive measures typically include dietary and lifestyle modifications.