Final answer:
The fetal mortality rate with placental abruption is approximately 20-25%, mainly due to hypoxia and DIC caused by the disruption in oxygen and nutrient supply to the fetus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The fetal mortality rate with placental abruption is estimated to be 20-25%. The cause of fetal death in most cases of placental abruption is due to hypoxia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Hypoxia occurs when the placenta detaches from the uterus, disrupting the oxygen supply to the fetus. Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a condition leading to the formation of small blood clots throughout the bloodstream, which can lead to organ damage and exacerbate the hypoxia suffered by the fetus.
Placental abruption is a serious complication in which the placenta partially or completely separates from the inner wall of the uterus before delivery. This can reduce or block the baby's supply of oxygen and nutrients and cause heavy bleeding in the mother. Factors contributing to the risk of placental abruption include high blood pressure, abdominal trauma, substance abuse, and previous instances of the condition. It is critical to manage placental abruption promptly to minimize fetal and maternal risks.