Final answer:
COX-2 inhibitors are considered equally effective as NSAIDs for treating primary dysmenorrhea, aiming to reduce pain and inflammation, with a potential for lower gastrointestinal side effects.
Step-by-step explanation:
COX-2 inhibitors, like the prescription drug Celebrex (celecoxib), are believed to be as equally effective as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Both COX-2 inhibitors and NSAIDs work by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which cause inflammation and pain. However, COX-2 inhibitors specifically target the COX-2 enzyme, potentially reducing the risk of stomach problems that are associated with the use of traditional NSAIDs, though it's important to note that all NSAIDs, including COX-2 inhibitors, carry some risk of stomach problems.
NSAIDs like aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen work by binding to the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, which is involved in prostaglandin synthesis. This action effectively reduces the production of prostaglandins that lead to inflammation and pain. NSAIDs are particularly effective for pain of low-to-moderate intensity, especially when associated with inflammation. Nevertheless, cautious use is advised due to possible adverse effects like gastrointestinal, liver, or kidney damage with long-term use.