Final answer:
The statement 'Transgenic expression of pAkt activation leads to the DECREASED sizes of pancreatic islet cells' is FALSE. Activation of pAkt promotes cell growth and survival, leading to an INCREASE in the sizes of pancreatic islet cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'Transgenic expression of pAkt activation leads to the DECREASED sizes of pancreatic islet cells' is FALSE.
The activation of pAkt, which is a downstream component of the insulin signaling pathway, promotes cell growth and survival. Therefore, if pAkt is activated, it would lead to an INCREASE in the sizes of pancreatic islet cells.
To provide an example, transgenic mice with constitutively activated pAkt in their pancreatic beta cells showed increased cell size and mass, resulting in improved glucose tolerance and increased insulin production.