Final answer:
Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder causing brittle bones due to defective collagen production, leading to frequent fractures and skeletal deformities. Scurvy is a deficiency disease caused by a lack of vitamin C, impairing collagen deposition and leading to symptoms like fragile capillaries and weak bones.
Step-by-step explanation:
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), also known as brittle bone disease, is a genetic disorder characterized by bones that easily bend or fracture due to a deficiency in the quality and production of collagen, which is essential for strong and healthy bones. Individuals with OI can expect a range of issues related to bone development and repair, including frequent and multiple fractures, bone deformities, short stature, and bowing of the long bones. The molecular consequences of OI involve mutations in genes critical for collagen processing, often leading to the substitution of glycine with bulkier amino acids, which disrupts the normal triple helix formation of collagen fibers thus weakening the bone matrix.
Scurvy
Scurvy is a disease resulting from a deficiency of vitamin C, crucial for the formation of collagen. Its molecular basis lies in the impaired deposition of intercellular substances like collagen, leading to symptoms such as fragile capillaries, tendency to hemorrhage, swollen gums, delayed wound healing, and weak bones. Adequate intake of vitamin C is essential for maintaining the integrity of various tissues, including the skeletal system, due to its role in collagen synthesis.