Question

Following an automobile accident, a

14-year-old girl developed diabetes insipidus
(excessive loss of water in the urine), amenorrhea
(lack of menses), and cold intolerance,
and her growth rate slowed markedly. Her
symptoms best correspond to which one of the
following?
(A) They are all related to damage to her
kidneys
and ovaries caused by the
accident.
(B) They are all related to damage to her
pituitary
gland.
(C) The symptoms could be relieved by treatment
with oral doses of anterior and posterior
pituitary hormones.
(D) The symptoms would require long-term
treatment with estrogen, thyroxine, and
glucocorticoid tablets and also restriction
of water intake.
(E) Damage to the pancreas caused by airbag
deployment.

Answer 1

The symptoms described in the question best correspond to damage to the pituitary gland. Treatment with oral doses of anterior and posterior pituitary hormones may potentially relieve the symptoms. Long-term treatment with estrogen, thyroxine, and glucocorticoid tablets and restriction of water intake may also be necessary.

Step-by-step explanation:

The symptoms described in the question best correspond to damage to the pituitary gland (B). The pituitary gland is responsible for producing and releasing hormones that regulate various bodily functions, including water balance, menstrual cycle, and growth. In this case, the accident likely caused damage to the pituitary gland, resulting in the symptoms of diabetes insipidus, amenorrhea, cold intolerance, and slowed growth rate.

The symptoms could potentially be relieved by treatment with oral doses of anterior and posterior pituitary hormones (C). By replacing the deficient hormones, the body may be able to restore normal function and alleviate the symptoms. Long-term treatment with estrogen, thyroxine, and glucocorticoid tablets may also be necessary to address the specific symptoms presented by the individual, as well as restriction of water intake to prevent excessive loss.