Final answer:
The correct answer is probable cause.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to this question is b) Probable cause. Probable cause refers to the standard of evidence that law enforcement officials must meet in order to make an arrest. It requires that there is a reasonable belief, based on objective facts, that a crime has been committed and the person being arrested is responsible for that crime. This can be established through various means, such as smelling alcohol or drugs, seeing evidence, or an admission of guilt. Miranda rights (a) refer to the rights that must be read to a suspect before interrogation, and the exclusionary rule (c) refers to the requirement that evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in court. Reasonable suspicion (d) is a lower standard of evidence that allows police officers to briefly detain and frisk a person if they have a reasonable belief that the person has been or is about to commit a crime.