Final answer:
The eye condition described is a Morgagnian cataract, where lens fibers degenerate and vacuoles appear, leading to advanced cataract formation. Light is diffused by cataracts, causing blurred vision. Laser eye surgery requires parallel rays for precise retinal focus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The eye condition described by the information provided is a type of cataract. The characteristics of malformed and distorted lens fibers, along with small globular vacuoles and refractile material, suggest a lens that has undergone significant change leading to cloudiness and impairing vision. Among the options presented, the one that fits best with the description of progressing degeneration of lens fibers and the presence of vacuoles is Morgagnian cataract (C). Morgagnian cataract is an advanced form of cataract where the lens fibers become so degenerated that the lens protein turns liquid. It often results in the classic sign of a 'milky' nucleus moving within the liquid cortex of the lens.
A cataract causes light to be dispersed or diffused, which is why it leads to blurry vision. When performing laser eye surgery, such as spot-welding a tear in the retina, parallel rays of laser light are required to ensure precise focus on the retina. The structure and function of the eye as a complex organ with multiple layers, including the retina at the back, necessitate the need for such precision during surgical procedures.