Question

A patient is given aspirin to reduce his fever. The mechanism of fever reduction by aspirin is:

a. shivering
b. stimulation of cyclooxiginase
c. inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis (PGE-2)
d. increasing the hypothalmic set-point temparture

Answer 1

The fever reduction by aspirin is achieved through the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis (PGE-2). Aspirin, an NSAID, blocks COX enzymes, preventing the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins, which reduces fever and inflammation.

Step-by-step explanation:

Mechanism of Fever Reduction by Aspirin

The mechanism of fever reduction by aspirin is the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis (PGE-2). Aspirin works as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and has several biochemical activities. It is particularly known for its ability to reduce fever, pain, and inflammation. The active ingredient in aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid, inhibits the production of prostaglandins by blocking the action of the enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-1 and COX-2). Aspirin achieves this by transferring its acetyl group to the hydroxyl group of the active site of the COX enzyme. This process prevents arachidonic acid from entering the active site of the enzyme, thereby halting the conversion to prostaglandins which are responsible for fever and inflammation.

Aspirin is an ester of salicylic acid and has been used for at least 2,400 years for its health benefits. Due to its mechanism of action, aspirin not only reduces fever and inflammation but also has anticoagulant properties, making it useful in preventing blood clots in patients at risk of cardiovascular disease.