Final answer:
A patient with increased intraocular pressure likely has glaucoma, a condition that can lead to optic nerve damage. Glaucoma is detected by measuring the resistance of the eye to deformation and rebound under pressure. Regular intraocular pressure testing, especially for those over 40, is crucial for early detection and management of glaucoma.
Step-by-step explanation:
A patient diagnosed with increased intraocular pressure most likely has glaucoma. Glaucoma is a condition caused by the buildup of fluid pressure in the eye, which can lead to damage of the optic nerve and loss of vision if not treated. Individuals, especially those over 40 years of age, are recommended to have their intraocular pressure tested routinely to detect this condition early. Routine measurements usually involve an anesthetized eye and may employ a noncontact approach using a puff of air to measure the force needed to indent the eye.
The tonometer is an instrument used to measure intraocular pressure, and an indication of high pressure will reveal less deformation and a more vigorous rebound of the eye, signifying the potential presence of glaucoma. To illustrate, a normal force exerted on the eye's surface would be equivalent to the weight of about 120 g, whereas a force representing a dangerous level of intraocular pressure would correspond to the weight of a 680-g mass, which is sufficient to cause damage to the eye.