Final answer:
A defense mechanism is a psychological strategy individuals unconsciously use to cope with anxiety or protect themselves. They can be helpful or harmful depending on the situation. Examples include denial, projection, and rationalization.
Step-by-step explanation:
Defense mechanism: A defense mechanism is a psychological strategy that individuals unconsciously use to cope with anxiety or protect themselves from perceived threats or uncomfortable situations. These mechanisms operate on an unconscious level and can help individuals reduce anxiety and maintain emotional equilibrium.
Defense mechanisms can be both helpful and harmful depending on the situation and frequency of use. In some cases, defense mechanisms can provide temporary relief and help individuals manage stressful situations. However, relying too heavily on defense mechanisms can hinder personal growth and prevent individuals from addressing underlying issues. It is important to strike a balance and develop healthier coping strategies over time.
Examples of commonly used defense mechanisms include:
- Denial: This defense mechanism involves the refusal to accept or acknowledge reality, often because it is too distressing. For example, a person may deny the loss of a loved one by refusing to believe or acknowledge their death.
- Projection: Projection occurs when individuals attribute their own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or qualities to someone else. For instance, an individual who is secretly jealous of a colleague may accuse the colleague of being jealous instead.
- Rationalization: Rationalization involves justifying or explaining behaviors, thoughts, or feelings in a way that makes them seem more acceptable or socially desirable. For example, a person might rationalize excessive online shopping by convincing themselves that it helps support the economy.