Final Answer:
The med that relieves severe, persistent or recurrent pain, persistent or recurrent pain is b). Fentanyl
Step-by-step explanation:
Fentanyl is the opioid agonist that relieves severe, persistent, or recurrent pain during active labor. It not only provides effective pain relief but also induces a sense of well-being. Fentanyl has the added benefit of potentially relaxing the cervix. However, caution is advised when using it in patients with cardiac disease.
Fentanyl is a potent synthetic opioid that acts on the mu-opioid receptors in the central nervous system. Its analgesic effects are several times more potent than morphine, making it a preferred choice in managing intense pain, such as that experienced during active labor. The drug overcomes inhibitory factors by binding to the opioid receptors, blocking pain transmission, and altering the perception of pain. Importantly, fentanyl's potential to relax the cervix can be beneficial during labor, facilitating the birthing process.
Despite its efficacy, the use of fentanyl requires caution in patients with cardiac disease. Opioids, including fentanyl, can depress the respiratory system and may cause respiratory distress in individuals with compromised cardiovascular function. Therefore, healthcare providers must carefully assess the risk-benefit ratio before administering fentanyl to patients with cardiac issues, ensuring that pain management is achieved without compromising overall cardiovascular health.